There may be one or two generations a year. In response to the feeding and growth of the larva, a ½-1 inch long club- or spindle-shaped tubular swelling (gall) forms at the tip or along the stem. The tree also makes a visual contribution year-round. Dogwood—Cornus spp. This should be done after wilting occurs and before adult emergence in the spring. However, some scale species may have overlapping generations with an extended crawler emergence period, such as along the coast. Frequent rains or extended periods of high humidity are needed for disease development. Central Maryland Table 1. The larvae may be found boring into the base of these trees. Symptoms on dogwoods may also be caused by diseases or abiotic (environmental) factors. A number of factors other than insects or diseases can contribute to the decline of dogwoods in the landscape, especially mower injury, over-fertilization, and poor growing conditions. They are creamy colored and excavate large, irregular tunnels in the phloem on the main trunk and larger branches which die back first. It is popular in home and commercial landscaping because of the early spring flowers and bright red berries. Infested twigs should be clipped off several inches below the girdled or infested portion and destroyed. Examine the undersides of leaves for the flat, yellow, immature scales along the leaf veins. Apply all chemicals according to directions on the label. For fungicides to be effective, they must be applied as soon as symptoms are noticed. There are two distinctive black dots just behind the head. If so, how? The adult is an elongate (5/8 inch long) beetle with long antennae. The adult is a day-flying clearwing moth. Fungicide sprays to protect the new leaves and shoots need to begin at bud break in early spring. Since the Cherokee Princess Flowering Dogwood is considered the premium choice for a white-flowering Dogwood… Red-twig dogwood (C. sericea) is very susceptible to powdery mildew. Blighted gray or drooping leaves hang on the twigs and are often the first symptoms noticed during cool, wet weather. Eggs hatch at this time and tiny white crawlers settle on leaf veins. They are about the size of a pinhead and light-colored. Optimum conditions for growth Powdery mildew on dogwood (Cornus florida) leaves.James Blake, ©2007 HGIC, Clemson Extension. During hot, dry summer weather, prune and dispose of all dead or cankered twigs and limbs. The yellowish larva that hatches from the egg begins tunneling in the pith, boring down the center of the twig, occasionally making a series of holes to the surface through which it expels sawdust. Leaf Scorch: Leaf scorch is caused by environmental conditions that are too dry. Clemson University Cooperative Extension Service offers its programs to people of all ages, regardless of race, color, gender, religion, national origin, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, gender identity, marital or family status and is an equal opportunity employer. The fruits are a popular food for songbirds. Damage on dogwood (Cornus florida) caused by dogwood club-gall midge.Joey Williamson, ©2013 HGIC, Clemson Extension. Do not plant in full shade. Dogwood Sawfly (Macremphytus tarsatus) larvae. Red winter stems of 'Cardinal' (Cornus sericea) is a shrub native to Minnesota with colorful red or yellow winter bark that provides great winter interest.As a landscape plant, redosier dogwood is extremely versatile. Refer to our pages on c. We embody the University's land-grant mission with a commitment to eliminate hunger, preserve our natural resources, improve quality of life, and empower the next generation through world-class education. Use them in combination with yellow twig dogwoods for an even more stunning winter display. Small trees are often killed. Discula and spot anthracnose are fungal infections often found in dogwood trees. Crawlers hatch in June and settle on leaves to feed. However, it is very important to always read and follow the label directions on each product. Cercospora and Septoria leaf spots are very similar in size and appearance. Avoid using insecticides unless the plant is very valuable and in serious danger from scale. Although insects often damage dogwood trees, the damage is usually minor. The adult beetle is 1/2 inch long, oval, flattened, greenish bronze above and brassy below. There are a few diseases that can attack the dogwood shrub. Some control can also be obtained with triadimefon, thiophanate methyl, sulfur, or copper fungicides (see Table 1 for specific products). Crosses between Cornus kousa and Cornus florida (Rutger’s Hybrids) have greater disease resistance to dogwood anthracnose and include: ‘Aurora’, ‘Celestial’, ‘Galaxy’, ‘Ruth Ellen’, ‘Star Dust’, ‘Stellar Pink’, and ‘Constellation’. of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson UniversityClyde S. Gorsuch, PhD, Emeritus Faculty, Entomology, Clemson University, Joey Williamson, PhD, HGIC Horticulture Extension Agent, Clemson University. This fungus survives from year to year on infected twigs, fruits, and other tissues. If you see the flowers of these magnificent white flowering dogwood trees it is not too surprising that these plants are so popular among gardeners. Powdery Mildew: Erysiphe pulchra (formerly Microsphaera pulchra) is the fungus that attacks leaf surfaces and tender shoots and causes powdery mildew. It will feed just under the bark in the cambium layer. To monitor for this pest, look for tiny (1/8 inch long), oystershell shaped, and brown to gray scale covers on the bark of wilting or dead branches. During this time, ¼ inch long white ovisacs may be found on branches and twigs. Unfortunately, some common diseases can threaten the health of dogwood in both residential and commercial settings. The flowering dogwood (Cornus florida) cultivars ‘Appalachian Joy’, ‘Appalachian Blush ‘, ‘Appalachian Snow’, and ‘Appalachian Mist’ are very resistant to powdery mildew. Infection that begins early in the season can be devastating, and the use of fungicides may be warranted. It is a serious disease capable of killing large numbers of trees and most Cornus species can become infected. Septoria leaf spots are a dark brown purple in color, later developing light brown or gray centers with dark borders. 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